Sunday, September 26, 2010

International Business India 2009

Professional Development in International Business India 2009

A high profile group of professors from universities across the US travelled to India to understand what India did differently to weather the global economic storm better.


Leader Prof Sumit Kundu says the level of interest in India and its business leaders is very high. India has been a player in the global economy with a large number of multinational companies now making India their hub. There is a competitive advantage from US, Germany and Japan. He sees a lot of optimism in the air. Corporate governance and such things are becoming part of Indian business ethos, Prof Kundu maintains.
Erma Fernandes says knowledge management for organizational efficiency improves the practices of knowledge workers and helps them make better decisions. It empowers knowledge workers to take effective and efficient decisions. This, she feels, is important for India which is becoming a world leader in areas of services and quality focused businesses.


Participants


Dr. Sumit Kundu
Knight Ridder Center Research Professor, Management and International Business
(Florida International University - CIBER)
Dr. Sumit Kundu currently serves as the faculty director for the Florida International University Master in International Business and Evening MBA program, and is also the Ph.D. coordinator for the Department of Management and International Business. On the research front, Dr. Kundu sits on the editorial board of the premier journal, Management International Review and guest editing one of its special issues in 2008. He was invited to sit on the editorial board of Journal of International Management, Review of Emerging Market Studies, and Journal of International Business Studies [2006-2008]. Dr. Kundu has published several articles in prestigious journals, namely, Journal of International Business Studies, Management International Review, Journal of World Business, Journal of Business Research, Journal of International Management, Journal of International Marketing, Journal of Global Information Management, and Journal of Small Business Economics. He has served as Chair and adviser on many dissertation committees. Dr. Kundu has presented numerous papers in the Academy of International Business and served as the track chair for its annual conference in Stockholm in July 2004, Milano in June 2008, Rio de Janeiro in June 2010. He has been a presenter at several conferences of the Academy of Management and Strategic Management Society. He has also served as the president and program chair for the Midwest Academy of International Business Conference in 2003 and 2002. His corporate experience includes cash flow management and international marketing for Unilever PLC, Fedders Lloyd PLC, and Phillips Petroleum PLC. Dr. Kundu has been a consultant to several multinational corporations - MasterCard International, Ingersoll Rand-Hussmann international, Boeing, Novartis, and CPI-Sears Portrait Studio.






Dr. Irma Becerra-Fernandez
Director, Pino Entrepreneurship Center
Professor, Dept. of Decision Sciences and Information Systems
(Florida International University - CIBER)
Dr. Irma Becerra-Fernandez was the MIT Sloan Visiting Scholar with the Center for Information Systems Research last spring. Also she's the 2007 Kauffman Entrepreneurship Professor. Her research focuses on knowledge management (KM), KM systems, enterprise systems, disaster management, and IT entrepreneurship. She has studied and advised organizations, in particular NASA, about KM practices. She founded the FIU Knowledge Management Lab ten years ago, and has obtained funding as principal investigator for over $1.8 M from the National Science Foundation, NASA (Kennedy, Ames, and Goddard Space Flight Center), and the Air Force Research Lab to develop innovative KM systems. She has published extensively in leading journals including the Journal of MIS, Decision Sciences, Communications of the ACM, European Journal of Operational Research, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, Knowledge Based Systems, International Journal of Expert Systems Research & Applications, and others. Dr. Becerra-Fernandez is an author of the book Knowledge Management: Challenges, Solutions, and Technologies (Prentice Hall, 2004) and co-editor of the monograph Knowledge Management: An Evolutionary View of the Field (M.E. Sharpe, 2008). She has delivered many invited presentations at many NASA Centers, the NAVY Research Lab, universities around the world, and many international conferences with both an academic and a practitioner focus. She is currently the Americas Region representative to the Association for Information Systems Executive Council. She has served as the faculty director for the Masters in MIS and the director of the MIS Ph.D. Program. She serves in the editorial boards of the International Journal ofKnowledge Management, the International Journal of Knowledge and Learning, the International Journal of Mobile Learning and Organization, the International Journal of Doctoral Studies, the International Journal of Computers (IJoC), and the International Journal of Interdisciplinary Telecommunications and Networking (IJITN).






Dr. Edward Levitas
Associate Professor, Organizations and Strategic Management
(University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee)
Dr. Edward Levitas specializes in strategic management. His research activity focuses on technology and new product development, particularly among biotechnology and pharmaceutical firms. He has examined how strategic alliances, financial asset availability, technology transfers, and managerial incentives affect firm innovation and survival. Dr. Levitas is a member of the Academy of Management and the Strategic Management Society. His work has appeared or is forthcoming in publications such as the Academy of Management Journal, Best Paper Proceedings of the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Competitive Intelligence Review, International Journal of Organizational Analysis, Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, Journal of Management Inquiry, Journal of Management, Journal of World Business, Organization Science, Small Business Economics, and Strategic Management Journal. He serves on the editorial boards of the Journal of Management and Journal of Management Studies. A recipient of a UWM Sheldon B. Lubar School of Business Advisory Council Summer Research Fellowship that is awarded in recognition of research excellence, Dr. Levitas has also worked as a laboratory scientist, a securities research analyst, and a financial officer of a small Cincinnati firm.






Dr. Romila Singh
Assistant Professor, Organizations and Strategic Management
(University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee)
Dr. Romila Singh specializes in organizational behavior and human resource management. She teaches and conducts research on a variety of topics in these areas. In particular, her research focuses on understanding career management issues related to career decision-making, work-life relationships, mentoring, and the role of community in recruitment and retention of diverse individuals. Her other research interests include understanding individual differences in job attitudes and personality-situation congruence. Dr. Singh has presented her research findings at several national and international conferences.Her research has been published in the Journal of Management and the Journal of Vocational Behavior. She has also authored and co-authored several refereed book chapters, most notably for the Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology, the Encyclopedia of Career Development, and the forthcoming Handbook of Mentoring. Dr. Singh serves as the Faculty Advisor for the UWM's award-winning student chapter of the Society for Human Resources Management (SHRM). In recognition of her time, service, and leadership, she was name the UWM Outstanding Advisor of the Year by the Student Organization Advising and Resources (SOAR) office. Dr. Singh has also received several teaching awards, most recently the School's Business Advisory Council Award for Teaching Excellence. Dr. Singh is a member of the Academy of Management (AOM) and the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM). She is currently a Research Fellow at the Institute for Diversity Education and Leadership (IDEAL) at UWM.






Dr. Rajanikanth Naraseeyappa
Assistant Professor, Management
(Mississippi Valley State University)
Dr. Rajanikanth Naraseeyappa has twenty three years' teaching experience with reputation for creative lessons and excellent class room management skills. He is comfortable and experienced in developing rapport with and lending support to adult learners from diverse socio-economic and cultural backgrounds. He worked to successfully implement a practice oriented thesis program. Dr. Naraseeyappa teaching philosophy originates in the eclectic foundations of his personal experience with excellent teachers; learning from personal experiences; and staying abreast of new theoretical concepts and advice from authors and experts in the field. He keeps the class interesting by selecting texts related to his students' everyday lives. He frames challenges positively, ensuring that students are informed of the expected standards such that the students are encouraged to work hard as the course proceeds. He endeavors to remain current with field business operations by reading business related periodicals such as Business Week, Wall Street Journal, and various Web resources. Revision and critical thinking are key elements in my teaching philosophy. He strives to incorporate innovative problem solving techniques for making sound business and personal financial decisions. He maintains an environment of respect wherein all students have the freedom and desire to participate in class discussion and learning processes. Outside the classroom, He maintains regular office hours and has an open door policy. Through this open door policy and his encouragement, students are encouraged to discuss class materials, homework, professional activities, or other relevant subject matter to clarify doubts and be prepared for class discussion and/or to take quizzes and tests. His goal is to encourage students who have potential for graduate work to be able to pursue their goals with the optimal undergraduate education. His goal for those who do not anticipate furthering their formal education is to encourage them to understand that by hard work; their future is in their hands to better theirs and their families' lives within the community and the nation as whole.






Dr. Lloyd Soobrian
CFO at Cogzidel Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd.
Dr. Lloyd Soobrian is a professor at Berkeley College in New Jersey where he teaches finance, international business and economics. In addition, he has taught finance in the MBA programs at Monmouth and Farleigh Dickinson universities and in the undergraduate program at Rutgers University. Lloyd has 20 years of industry experience that includes treasury management, international finance, corporate finance and international management and business development. Lloyd is a Member of the Editorial Review Board for the "Review of Business", published by St. John's University. He has referred several finance and management papers for publication in this journal. Lloyd has lectured in China under the UNDP program. He has also presented several papers in management, finance and economics at many conferences. Lloyd has a Ph.D. in financial economics from Fordham University, New York.






Dr. Pandu Tadikamalla
Professor, Business Administration
(University of Pittsburgh)
Dr. Pandu Tadikamalla is a professor of business administration in the Katz Graduate School of Business at the University of Pittsburgh. He teaches courses in Decision Models, Statistical Techniques for Management, Simulation, and Total Quality Management. His research interests lie in simulation methodology, statistical techniques in operations management and quality and productivity. Dr. Tadikamalla has a B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering. Dr. Tadikamalla received his M.S. and Ph.D. in Industrial and Management Engineering from the University of Iowa. Dr. Tadikamalla is an Associate Editor of OMEGA: The International Journal of Management Science. Dr. Tadikamalla has published over 50 research articles in several professional journals. Dr. Tadikamalla received several awards in recognition of his dedication to and excellence in teaching. He emphasizes real-life problem solving in the classroom. Through MBA project courses and consulting, he has solved large-scale, real-life problems for several corporations. These problems include: manpower scheduling, facilities location problems, Simulation of Specialty Steel Operations, Production Planning and Blending Problems, Statistical Quality Control and Quality Management, Decision Analysis, Optimization of Product Mix, and Design for Quality and Supply Chain Management Modeling.




Interviewer
Ms. Jayashree Kurup
Head, Digital Content & Research at Times Business Solutions Limited (TBSL)



Please listen to the Audio

Monday, September 6, 2010

Pharmaceutical Industry an overview

(This is an extract from the lecture delivered by Shyamsunder Panchavati on 2nd September 2010 at Hyderabad) 

Content updated on 13th September 2018



Pharmaceutical Industry an overview

Human being lives in whirlpool of Industries. All the industries revolve around the living beings specially the human beings. One industry or profession that keeps the human being fit enough to wither the whirlpool and keeps the industry going is the Medical Profession. Hence the Medical Profession occupies the high pedestal in this world.

If you take a closer look at the pedestal, you will find that it is made of the Pharmaceutical Industry. Hence it is the pharmaceutical industry that gives the exalted position to the Medical Profession and is indirectly responsible for the survival & growth of Human race, the global business, the economies, GDP and all other things in the world.

Can you imagine a world without Pharmaceutical Industry???

History & Genesis of the Pharmaceutical Industry.

The earliest existence of Pharmaceutical Industry in the world can be traced to 1600 BC. Dhanvantari the first ever practitioner of medicine and surgery wrote a treatise on medicines and methods of medication. The treatise is known as Ayurveda. Ayurveda is an up-veda and considered a part of Atharva Veda. People consider him to be an incarnation of Lord Vishnu and there are many temples of Dhanvantari in India.

Modern day Allopathic medication can be traced to 17th century.  German company Merck & co was one of the earliest Pharmaceutical organizations.  Jacob Merck who purchased a drug store in Darmstadt, Germany in 1668 established Merck & Co. Neurobion is considered one of the earliest pharmaceutical formulation products with a history of more than 300 years. In the beginning of 19th century, United States Government confiscated most of the foreign pharma organizations and converted them to US organizations. The Bulk of the growth of pharma organizations, R&D, and development of new products took place in the later part of nineteenth & earlier part of the twentieth century.


Modern Indian pharmaceutical industry came into being when Acharya P.C. Ray set up his Bengal Chemical Pharmaceuticals in 1901. But bulk of the pharma industry was dominated by Multi Nationals from US, UK, Switzerland, Germany and others.


It was in the sixties when Indian Government replaced the product patent with the process patent that the Indian pharmaceutical Industry came into its own. In the seventies when the government formulated its new restrictive foreign policy to encourage Indian Industry, many of the multinationals were taken over by the Indian business groups like TATA, Piramal, Sarabhai, Ruia and others.


The seventies saw the unprecedented price revolution in the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry. Gautam Sarabhai whose Ambalal Sarabhai & Co took over two multinationals Squibb & Geigy drastically brought down the prices of the products.


For example during 40s “Tandril” an analgesic & anti-inflammatory tablet that cost Rs.1.00 in  when a  white collared employee’s   monthly salary was about Rs.25 to 40 cost Rs.0.25 (twenty five Paise) in 70s when a white collared employees monthly salary was Rs. 250 to 400.


Seventies also saw the emergence of a young Sardarji Dr.Parminder Singh who took over his father Ranbaxy & Co. Under his stewardship the company made rapid strides in process, products,technology and  turnover and reached the number one spot by the end of 70s beating Sarabhai,Pfizer, Glaxo and others. Though Dr. Parminder Singh is no longer alive today, Ranbaxy continues to be the number one company in India,and with its collaboration with Daiichii Sankyo of Japan, It is the fifteenth largest pharmaceutical organization in the world. Other organisations that were incorporated in 70s & 80 and made a mark on the global scene are Sun Pharmaceuticals, Lupin Laboratories, Dr. Reddy’s and others.


The size of the global Pharmaceutical Industry is $ 1,105 Billion in 2017-18 and that of Indian pharmaceutical industry  is $ 54 Billion. Encouragingly, India was rated second globally for predicted ‘pharma market growth potential’, with respondents citing high growth domestic markets and expanding manufacturing exports as key drivers. India received a score of 7.0, narrowly behind China (7.2). However, India was rated by pharmaceutical companies as having nearly twice the potential of Western European countries, significantly outpacing even the USA (6.3), Korea (6), and Germany (5.9), who finished third, fourth, and fifth respectively. “Ultimately, the fundamentals of progression in the country are extremely strong — boasting over 24,000 pharmaceutical companies, and 10,500 plants — coupled with Government support, increased investment and an improving regulatory reputation, Almost 70% of the bulk drugs produced in India are exported. After Agriculture Industry, it is the largest contributor to the country’s GDP.


However in spite of this rosy picture the per capita consumption of medicine in India though growing rapidly is still very poor. Annual per capita consumption of the medicine is approximately Rs.800.


A new pharmaceutical scenario emerged after signing of GATT in the 90s by India. The focus shifted to Research & Development. R&D processes started getting outsourced by the multinationals to the Indian organizations. This resulted in the growth of new breed of organizations who invested heavily to set up R&D infrastructure.apart from the Government CDRI & IICT many organization came into existence resulting in the creation of separate segment of the  industry  A record number of applications were received for new patents after the year 2000  and it started growing. Now the R&D process industry is growing at a very fast rate and already worth a few million and slated to cross billion dollars by 2013.


Future for pharmaceutical industry is very bright as bright as it has always been.

Shyamsunder Panchavati


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Pharmaceutical Industy an overview